Repeated Miscarriage

Miscarriages are common, occurring in 15-20% of all pregnancies, usually in the first trimester (up to 12 weeks). A diagnosis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) could be considered after the loss of two or more pregnancies. Types of Miscarriage: Early Miscarriage: Miscarriage occurring within 12 weeks of pregnancy. Most commonly due to genetic or chromosomal problems of the embryo, with 50-80% of spontaneous losses having abnormal chromosomal number. Problems of uterus like adenomyosis or endometritis can also contribute to early miscarriage. Late miscarriage: results mainly due to structural abnormalities of uterus, autoimmune problems of the mother or an incompetent cervix. Finding a cause A history of recurrent miscarriage calls for evaluation and management. Tests are done on mother, father and fetal tissue (when possible). Repeated miscarriages can happen because of any of the following:

Chromosomal abnormalities (increased aged of the parents, genetic problems of the parents or the fetus itself)

Immune problems

Metabolic and Endocrine issues (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Thyroid dysfunction, Prolactin disorders, luteal phase defects, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperhomocyteinemia, decreased Vitamin D levels)

Antiphospholipid antibodies

Problems in the uterus (infections, structural defects, adenomyosis, fibroids)

Physical Illness

Life style of the woman (excess use of alcohol, caffeine, smoking, obesity and high stress levels)

Environmental factors like exposure to certain chemicals, drugs , X- rays, etc.

Often, the reasons are unknown about multiple miscarriages. Even after 2 miscarriages, there is high chance of a successful pregnancy even without any specific treatment and with just reassurance!! Be strong and hopeful and consult a doctor who has specialization in high risk obstetric care.